This commentary maps and critiques the burgeoning LLM ecosystem in India, which has rapidly expanded over the past two years. It begins by identifying key initiatives and actors across models, data, and applications, with a particular focus on those focused on critical social sectors and foundational architecture development. The document then provides a concise critique of the ecosystem, addressing emerging risks like bias, exclusion, financial instability, techno-solutionism and a lack of accountability. This analysis in this commentary offers a comprehensive understanding of the diverse actors, visions, and motivations shaping LLM-related activities in India.
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